High-efficiency Soilless Culture Technique for Aromatic Vegetable Basil
Basil, alias orchid, hairy basil, sweet basil, nine-story tower, etc., is an annual herb of the family Corydalis. Hydroponic plants should be supplied with liquid during the cultivation process to ensure adequate nutrient supply. The liquid supply time is generally selected during the day and no liquid supply or less liquid supply at night. The number of liquid supply on sunny days is more, and there is less liquid supply in rainy days; when the temperature is high, the light is stronger, and vice versa. Usually, the liquid is supplied 2-4 times a day, and it can be grasped for 30 minutes each time. This can be adjusted at the right time with the time controller. Hydroponic plants are exemplified by pipelined hydroponic vegetable production equipment. Production management is mainly to adjust the time of supply of nutrient solution and the number of liquid supply. The liquid supply time and the number of liquid supply times of the nutrient solution are mainly determined according to the cultivation form, the growth state of the vegetables, and the environmental conditions. Basil has strong adaptability, few pests and diseases, and beautiful flowers. It is a good material for flower beds, and it can also be potted for viewing.
1 Basil's botanical properties Basil is 20 to 80 cm high and is a smooth or substantially smooth erect annual herb. The whole grass has a strong aroma, the stem is pure quadrangular, the plant is green, sometimes purple; the leaves are ovate, long 2. 5 ~ 7. 5 cm, entire or slightly serrated; petiole long, with gray-green or dark oily cells below; on the terminally-flowered stalks, racemose flowers, 6-8 flowers White or reddish flowers are open; the fruit is small nuts, the seeds are oval, small and black. When the seeds encounter moisture, they are swollen and covered with sticky. The seed life can be as long as 8 years and the weight of the seeds is 2 g.
2 The edible and medicinal value of basil is determined to contain: protein per 100 g of basil leaves. 9
G, carbon (C) water compound 12. 6
G, carotene 4. 94
G, cellulose 2. 5 g, in addition to vitamin C and mineral calcium. Basil is served with tender stems and leaves. It can be served with cold salad, soup or deep-fried. It can also be dried into powder, added into flour to make a variety of pasta products, or used as meat seasonings and tea and beverages. Basil It has a unique scent and is one of the most spicy and seasoned vegetables in Europe and America. In China, Basil is mainly distributed in Henan, Anhui, Xinjiang and other places in the central, southern and eastern regions. As a herbaceous herb, the dry leaves and seeds of basil can be used as spices or extract essential oils. It is spicy, warm, moisturizing and medium, hurricane and active. It can be used for cold, headache, stomach pain. , indigestion, bruises, insects and snake bites, in addition to the treatment of detoxification, phlegm and swelling, dilatation and pain relief, anti-radiation, anti-cancer, anti-aging and other functions.
3 high quality and efficient soilless cultivation technology
3. 1 Seeding and seedlings Basil generally uses seed seedlings to soak seeds before sowing. Hydroponic culture of hydroponic culture is a kind of soilless cultivation. It is classified into no-substrate cultivation. The non-matrix cultivation type refers to the absence of matrix-fixed roots in the environment of plant root growth. The roots grow in nutrient solution or humid air containing nutrient solution. However, some substrates may be used during seedlings. First add cold water and a thermometer to the beaker, then slowly add hot water to stir and observe the temperature, stop adding water at about 50 °C. Put the seeds into the beaker and stir well to make the seeds evenly heated. When the temperature drops, continue to add hot water to maintain the temperature for 15 min, naturally cool, and continue to soak the seeds to make the seeds absorb water. After soaking seeds, there will be a layer of sticky material on the surface of the seed, which will be easily rotted during the germination process. Therefore, the seeds should be rinsed repeatedly with water to remove the surface mucus. Then put the seeds into a gauze bag, rinse the water, cover with a wet towel, keep warm and moisturize and wait for sowing. Breeding in the greenhouse, need to carry out a certain shade in the hot season; take seedlings for seedlings, seedling substrate using seedling peat, after the tray is packed with the substrate, water can be poured to the bottom of the tray to seep water, each seeding seed 2 ~ 3 Grain, covering the thickness of the substrate 0. 5 cm. The top of the tray is covered with non-woven fabric for moisturizing and heat preservation. The seed germination is suitable for 20 ~ 25 °C, and it can be emerged after 3 to 4 days. The seedlings should be refined 1 week before planting to enhance the adaptability of the seedlings. Good light conditions should be used throughout the seedling period. Only before the seedlings are slowed down, if the temperature is too high at noon, it should be properly shaded. The water consumption during the seedling period is small, and the water is sprinkled with a watering can and poured through once.
3. 2 Colonization and post-management When the seedling height is about 10 cm and there are 4 to 5 true leaves, it can be colonized. The cultivation substrate is prepared according to the ratio of peat: vermiculite: perlite = 6:3:1, and 100 g of 50% carbendazim wettable powder is added every 1 m3, and the mixture is uniformly mixed. At the beginning of growth, the substrate is generally moist, and as the leaf area of the plant increases, sufficient supply of water is ensured. During the seedling slow seedling period, it is not necessary to water the nutrient solution. After about 1 week, the nutrient solution can be prepared in the reservoir. The specific concentration is adjusted according to the growth period of the plant. The nutrient solution should be used in the vegetative growth stage, and the flowering period is slightly increased. Concentration; the pH of the nutrient solution is 5. 5 ~ 6. 5 is preferred; nutrient solution is a high nitrogen formula.
3. 3 Cuttings and propagation of basil stems are prone to adventitious roots, and a small amount of cultivation can be used for cutting propagation. Select the branches of 6 to 7 knots, select the bases 3 to 4, remove the lower leaves, retain only the growth points, and insert them into the trays. It is best to choose a highly permeable matrix and insert half of the branches obliquely into the matrix, pouring the water and cutting. The shading net is used for shading for the first 3 days after cutting, and then the shading net is gradually removed. Keep the substrate moist. When the root system is sound, it can be planted.
3. 4 Harvesting and seeding When the seedling height is 20 cm, the tender stems and leaves of the four main leaves are harvested first, and the young stems and leaves of the lateral branches are harvested to promote the emergence of new shoots, so that the branches are semi-spherical, each Harvested once every 5 to 7 days. Basil live, when the seedling height is 6 ~ 7 cm, the seedlings can be properly used for food. After the flowering of the plant, the leaves will become hard and lose the edible value. Therefore, the flower buds should be removed at any time during cultivation to promote new shoots. Seed collection and selection of robust plants do not harvest tender stems and leaves, usually harvested 35 to 40 days after flowering, after a few days of harvest, seed can be harvested.
3. 5 Pest control The natural aroma of basil has the ability to deworm, has fewer pests and diseases, and is prone to powdery mildew and ascariasis during cultivation. The main pests are aphids, red spiders and whitefly. After discovery, pyrethroid pesticides or biological pesticides can be applied as appropriate, such as the use of fumigants, scorpion bees, etc.
led grow light
led grow lights
1 Basil's botanical properties Basil is 20 to 80 cm high and is a smooth or substantially smooth erect annual herb. The whole grass has a strong aroma, the stem is pure quadrangular, the plant is green, sometimes purple; the leaves are ovate, long 2. 5 ~ 7. 5 cm, entire or slightly serrated; petiole long, with gray-green or dark oily cells below; on the terminally-flowered stalks, racemose flowers, 6-8 flowers White or reddish flowers are open; the fruit is small nuts, the seeds are oval, small and black. When the seeds encounter moisture, they are swollen and covered with sticky. The seed life can be as long as 8 years and the weight of the seeds is 2 g.
2 The edible and medicinal value of basil is determined to contain: protein per 100 g of basil leaves. 9
G, carbon (C) water compound 12. 6
G, carotene 4. 94
G, cellulose 2. 5 g, in addition to vitamin C and mineral calcium. Basil is served with tender stems and leaves. It can be served with cold salad, soup or deep-fried. It can also be dried into powder, added into flour to make a variety of pasta products, or used as meat seasonings and tea and beverages. Basil It has a unique scent and is one of the most spicy and seasoned vegetables in Europe and America. In China, Basil is mainly distributed in Henan, Anhui, Xinjiang and other places in the central, southern and eastern regions. As a herbaceous herb, the dry leaves and seeds of basil can be used as spices or extract essential oils. It is spicy, warm, moisturizing and medium, hurricane and active. It can be used for cold, headache, stomach pain. , indigestion, bruises, insects and snake bites, in addition to the treatment of detoxification, phlegm and swelling, dilatation and pain relief, anti-radiation, anti-cancer, anti-aging and other functions.
3 high quality and efficient soilless cultivation technology
3. 1 Seeding and seedlings Basil generally uses seed seedlings to soak seeds before sowing. Hydroponic culture of hydroponic culture is a kind of soilless cultivation. It is classified into no-substrate cultivation. The non-matrix cultivation type refers to the absence of matrix-fixed roots in the environment of plant root growth. The roots grow in nutrient solution or humid air containing nutrient solution. However, some substrates may be used during seedlings. First add cold water and a thermometer to the beaker, then slowly add hot water to stir and observe the temperature, stop adding water at about 50 °C. Put the seeds into the beaker and stir well to make the seeds evenly heated. When the temperature drops, continue to add hot water to maintain the temperature for 15 min, naturally cool, and continue to soak the seeds to make the seeds absorb water. After soaking seeds, there will be a layer of sticky material on the surface of the seed, which will be easily rotted during the germination process. Therefore, the seeds should be rinsed repeatedly with water to remove the surface mucus. Then put the seeds into a gauze bag, rinse the water, cover with a wet towel, keep warm and moisturize and wait for sowing. Breeding in the greenhouse, need to carry out a certain shade in the hot season; take seedlings for seedlings, seedling substrate using seedling peat, after the tray is packed with the substrate, water can be poured to the bottom of the tray to seep water, each seeding seed 2 ~ 3 Grain, covering the thickness of the substrate 0. 5 cm. The top of the tray is covered with non-woven fabric for moisturizing and heat preservation. The seed germination is suitable for 20 ~ 25 °C, and it can be emerged after 3 to 4 days. The seedlings should be refined 1 week before planting to enhance the adaptability of the seedlings. Good light conditions should be used throughout the seedling period. Only before the seedlings are slowed down, if the temperature is too high at noon, it should be properly shaded. The water consumption during the seedling period is small, and the water is sprinkled with a watering can and poured through once.
3. 2 Colonization and post-management When the seedling height is about 10 cm and there are 4 to 5 true leaves, it can be colonized. The cultivation substrate is prepared according to the ratio of peat: vermiculite: perlite = 6:3:1, and 100 g of 50% carbendazim wettable powder is added every 1 m3, and the mixture is uniformly mixed. At the beginning of growth, the substrate is generally moist, and as the leaf area of the plant increases, sufficient supply of water is ensured. During the seedling slow seedling period, it is not necessary to water the nutrient solution. After about 1 week, the nutrient solution can be prepared in the reservoir. The specific concentration is adjusted according to the growth period of the plant. The nutrient solution should be used in the vegetative growth stage, and the flowering period is slightly increased. Concentration; the pH of the nutrient solution is 5. 5 ~ 6. 5 is preferred; nutrient solution is a high nitrogen formula.
3. 3 Cuttings and propagation of basil stems are prone to adventitious roots, and a small amount of cultivation can be used for cutting propagation. Select the branches of 6 to 7 knots, select the bases 3 to 4, remove the lower leaves, retain only the growth points, and insert them into the trays. It is best to choose a highly permeable matrix and insert half of the branches obliquely into the matrix, pouring the water and cutting. The shading net is used for shading for the first 3 days after cutting, and then the shading net is gradually removed. Keep the substrate moist. When the root system is sound, it can be planted.
3. 4 Harvesting and seeding When the seedling height is 20 cm, the tender stems and leaves of the four main leaves are harvested first, and the young stems and leaves of the lateral branches are harvested to promote the emergence of new shoots, so that the branches are semi-spherical, each Harvested once every 5 to 7 days. Basil live, when the seedling height is 6 ~ 7 cm, the seedlings can be properly used for food. After the flowering of the plant, the leaves will become hard and lose the edible value. Therefore, the flower buds should be removed at any time during cultivation to promote new shoots. Seed collection and selection of robust plants do not harvest tender stems and leaves, usually harvested 35 to 40 days after flowering, after a few days of harvest, seed can be harvested.
3. 5 Pest control The natural aroma of basil has the ability to deworm, has fewer pests and diseases, and is prone to powdery mildew and ascariasis during cultivation. The main pests are aphids, red spiders and whitefly. After discovery, pyrethroid pesticides or biological pesticides can be applied as appropriate, such as the use of fumigants, scorpion bees, etc.
led grow light
led grow lights
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